The Woman Behind the World's First University
The Waqf of Fatima Al-Fihri
The visionary behind the world’s longest-running university.
In 859 CE, Fatima Al-Fihri transformed her vision into reality by founding the University of Al-Qarawiyyin in Fez, Morocco. Recognised by UNESCO and the Guinness World Records as the world’s oldest continually operating university, it became a global beacon of knowledge and scholarship.
But what powered this incredible institution for over 1,000 years? Waqf.
Fatima used her personal wealth to create an enduring waqf, ensuring the university’s financial sustainability. The model empowered generations of scholars, bridging cultures and spreading knowledge across the Islamic world and beyond.
Notable Alumni of Al-Qarawiyyin
The University of Al-Qarawiyyin has produced some of the most influential figures in history, spanning diverse fields such as philosophy, theology, law, and science. Here are a few notable alumni:
Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406)Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406)
Sociology and Historiography
- Renowned as the father of sociology, historiography, and economics, Ibn Khaldun is best known for his seminal work, Al-Muqaddimah (Introduction).
- His theories on the rise and fall of civilisations remain highly influential in modern social sciences.
Ibn Rushd (Averroes) (1126–1198)
Philosophy and Medicine
- A prominent Andalusian philosopher and polymath, Ibn Rushd wrote extensively on Aristotle, influencing both Islamic and European intellectual traditions.
- His work on philosophy, ethics, and medicine bridged the gap between ancient and Renaissance thought.
Al-Idrisi (1100–1165)
Geography and Cartography
- A pioneering geographer and cartographer, Al-Idrisi’s Tabula Rogeriana was one of the most detailed world maps of its time.
- His work combined Islamic and European knowledge, shaping the field of geography.
Al-Bitruji (Alpetragius) (d. 1204)
Astronomy
- An astronomer and philosopher, Al-Bitruji advanced the Ptolemaic model of the universe, offering groundbreaking ideas that influenced European astronomy.
These alumni underscore Al-Qarawiyyin’s profound influence on global knowledge, demonstrating the enduring legacy of Fatima Al-Fihri’s vision and the power of waqf.
Her story is a powerful reminder of how waqf can create lasting change. Fatima’s foresight didn’t just build a university, it built a legacy of education that continues to inspire today.
